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The Eighth Five-Year Plan of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a set of production goals and guidelines for administering the economy from 1966 to 1970—part of a series of such plans used by the USSR from 1928 until its dissolution. "Directives" for the plan involved set high goals for industrial production, especially in vehicles and appliances. These directives for the Eighth Five-Year Plan was approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and by the 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union but no final version was apparently ever ratified by the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Nevertheless, some of the changes envisioned were made. ==Themes== The Eighth Five-Year Plan called for various changes in the administration of the economy. Some planning was re-centralized, reversing a policy for regional councils created in 1957. But individual plant directors gained more power to set policy. The plan implemented economic reforms announced in 1965, which linked wages more closely to output.〔Timothy Sosnovy, "(The New Soviet Plan: Guns Still Before Butter )", ''Foreign Affairs'', July 1966.〕〔Katz, ''Economic Reform'' (1972), p. 151. "there is a remarkable continuity in the issues and debate over them at the end of the 1966–70 Five-Year Plan, the period of implementation of the reform.〕 Given the significant economic transition envisioned by these reforms, and their greater emphasis on economic realism, the Eighth Five-Year Plan set relatively modest production goals.〔Feiwel, ''Quest for Economic Efficiency'' (1972), pp. 265–266. "The directives seem to be a more circumspect promise of a bright future. Khrushchev's successors have not inherited any of his exuberance and proclivity for grandiose castles in the air. Their plan has few attributes of 'hurrah' planning and, therefore, seems more credible, at least at this stage. In fact, all targets have been considerably reduced (ranging from 3 to 68 per cent) from what they were expected to be in Khrushchev's boasts at the Twenty-second Congress."〕 Introducing the plan at the 23rd Congress, Premier Alexei Kosygin said the USSR would repudiate "subjectivism in deciding economic matters as amateurish contempt for the data of science and practical experience".〔"New Production Methods Stressed in Russia's Five Year Plan", ''Jerusalem Post'', 6 April 1966.〕 He focused on the plan's potential to improve quality of life for individuals, saying, "Comrades! Construction of communism and improvement in people's welfare are inseparable.〔Natalya Chernyshova, ''Soviet Consumer Culture in the Brezhnev Era''; Routledge, 2013; p. (18 ).〕 Along these lines, Kosygin promised higher wages, lower prices on consumer goods, and a shift to a five-day work week.〔Raymond H. Anderson, "Kosygin Pledges Consumer Gains: Says U.S. Policies in Vietnam Limit Soviet Progress", ''New York Times'', 5 April 1966.〕 The plan set the stage for wider distribution of things like television sets, refrigerators, and washing machines.〔 Although unemployment had been officially abolished, there were in fact people without jobs in regions such as Tajikstan, Moldavia, Moscow oblast, Mari Autonomous Republic, and Uzbekistan, and one purpose of the plan was to create new work projects in these areas. 〔Hutchings, "23rd CPSU Congress" (1966), pp. 357–358. "As the U.S.S.R. claims to have abolished unemployment, delegates could not without an official lead press for fuller utilization of available labour. However, as cues appeared in the project for the directives and later in Kosygin's speech, the presence of unemployed labour in their respective regions was disclosed by delegates from Tajikistan, Moldavia, Moscow ''oblast'', the Mari Autonomous Republic, and Uzbekistan, although the chairman of Gosplan pointed out that labour was short in Moscow and Leningrad, and the Krasnoyarsk delegate that labour resources in Siberia were still insufficient."〕 (The policy of no unemployment had also led to "superfluous workers" assigned non-essential jobs in various factories.)〔 Kosygin reaffirmed the need for military spending, which he said was necessary in response to the imperialist wars of the United States.〔〔 This plan abandoned the slogan "Overtake and surpass the U.S.A.".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eighth Five-Year Plan (Soviet Union)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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